Water Supply and Environmental Sanitation Unit (BAKAS)
INTRODUCTION
• In 1968 showed that the state of water supply coverage is very low, where only 3.6% of the population receives piped water supply and 85.3% get water from wells is not regulated.
• In 1978, an epidemic of cholera have occurred where 1536 cases and 62 deaths have been reported.
• The Ministry of Health through the Engineering Branch in 1968 have started a pilot project, and the next in 1973 Rural Environmental Sanitation Program (RESP) or Program Cleanliness Rural Environment, which was then known as BAKAS (Water Supply & Sanitation Environment) has been accepted as a program nationality Malaysia Plan 2.
GENERAL OBJECTIVES
The main objective BAKAS program implemented by the Ministry of Health is to prevent and control the incidence of infectious diseases and water-borne impurities such as cholera, typhoid, diarrhea, dysentery and hepatitis A among the rural population by improving the cleanliness of the environment and the quality of the water supply through the provision of basic water and sanitation systems.
SPECIFIC OBJECTIVE
• To reduce the incidence of infectious diseases and water-borne diseases such as worm food
• To get the maximum participation of the population in order to improve environmental hygiene in order to get maximum benefit from the improved environment, introduce health facilities, reduce costs and determine maintenance and cleaning operations continue in the future
• To educate children using health facilities
• Ensure that all houses across the country have and use latrines
• Supplying safe water supply and adequate to the community and ensure the supply of water supplied by the authorities is sufficient and safe
• Ensure that every house hold waste water disposal system and regular garbage and cleaning the house and around that satisfy in order to eliminate animals that carry disease like mosquitoes, flies, mice, cockroaches, etc.
• Ensure that the home across the country to practice good hygiene habits of the environment perfectly.
PROGRAM BAKAS
• PUBLIC WATER SUPPLY FACILITIES
• SANITATION FACILITIES
COMMUNITY WATER FACILITIES
- Community Water Supply Facilities (BAM)
• gravity water supply system (GFS)
• System connection to home wells (TSR)
• System control wells (TT)
• rainwater catchment systems (raw)
• Connection pipe PBA / MOH (PBA - Water Authority)
• water treatment system
SANITATION FACILITIES
• sanitary toilet system
• waste water disposal systems (SPAL)
• Solid waste disposal systems (SPSP)
ACTIVITIES PROGRAM BAKAS
• Construction of a New Project - Project that built the houses still do not have access to the facilities and the new homes that exist because of the increase in population over time. It is intended to obtain and maintain full coverage
• Subsidies Second - Implemented based on the need to ensure that the system has been used continuously available for the people who still rely on the system and its ability to repair or replace it yourself
• Maintenance - Despite the fact that maintenance should be done by the community itself, but if it involves high costs, the assistance should also be given in order to ensure the system can work properly and can be fully utilized
• Replacement Project - Do when a system has been badly damaged by a disaster or state or already fully utilized or no longer used today, so it should be a system of new facilities that should be replaced
• Project Customization / upgrade / additions - usually focused on rural water supply systems in which they need to be upgraded or created in addition to the existing system depending on the circumstances and requirements of the current situation
• Control of Rural Drinking Water Quality - The ultimate goal is to make a risk assessment of the water quality of water projects in rural MOH. This includes creating a sanitary survey and sampling and analysis of the quality of water supplied
• Updating of Data Base - Establishment of environmental control systems using basic data accurate, detailed and up to date. Status of this information should be developed at the county, district and state. Update data base environmental status using the existing basic data format includes all premises / activities within each operating area
AREA OF OPERATION
DEFINITIONS
• The operation area is rural areas that comprise the project area and project area.
• The project area it is categorized as a traditional village, a modern or structured, native village, area charts and a breakdown field
VILLAGE CATEGORY
- Traditional Village
• Traditional Village is a village that existed before BAKAS program started again. The traditional village is characterized by extensive development and built houses are not subject to a specific development plan under the Town and Country Planning (DTCP)